The common way to utilize biogas is to purify natural gas. This method is to remove CO2 from biogas through high-pressure water washing, pressure swing adsorption, membrane separation, and other technologies, thereby making biogas into biological natural gas with higher CH4 purity. The produced biological natural gas can be connected to the urban gas transmission network after pressure adjustment, and can also be compressed into vehicle fuel (CNG), or converted into liquefied natural gas (LNG) for sale.
As anaerobic projects definitely require heat, projects generally need to be equipped with biogas boilers, with some of the biogas used for boilers, and the remaining biogas can be used entirely for biogas purification. At the same time, emergency flares should also be installed for emergency treatment of biogas when the biogas purification system or biogas utilization system fails.
With the proposal of the dual carbon plan in China, hydrogen energy has become increasingly hot. Therefore, biogas reforming for hydrogen production has been increasingly proposed in recent years, and some projects have also begun to be implemented.
There are also various technologies for reforming biogas to produce hydrogen. Currently, the most commonly used method is to decarbonize and purify biogas, and then conduct reforming of the purified gas to produce hydrogen. After reforming, the mixed gas is purified to ultimately obtain hydrogen with higher purity.
Some scholars have proposed that direct reforming of biogas to produce hydrogen, which eliminates the step of decarbonization and purification of biogas, is also technically feasible. However, at present, the application scenario of hydrogen energy in China has not been fully constructed, and directly reforming biogas to produce hydrogen poses certain market risks. From the perspective of project planning, if biogas is purified before hydrogen production, a hydrogen production site can be reserved for later use when hydrogen energy has an application scenario.
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2023-03-30
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